This article explores a human-centric, step-by-step roadmap to adopting warehouse automation successfully, based on insights from supply chain experts and operations leaders. It’s a practical playbook for organizations navigating this transformation, balancing innovation with inclusivity, and preparing teams for the warehouse of tomorrow.

1. Start with a Clear Vision: Define Goals and Metrics for Automation

The first and arguably most important step in implementing warehouse automation is aligning leadership and stakeholders around a shared vision of success. Automation initiatives can easily become mired in complexity without clear direction.

That’s why organizations must begin by identifying Key Performance Indicators (KPIs)—the benchmarks that will determine the value and impact of automation. Whether it’s reducing order cycle time, increasing pick accuracy, lowering labor costs, or improving throughput, defining these goals up front gives everyone—from the C-suite to the warehouse floor—a common target.

But alignment isn’t just strategic—it’s cultural. To avoid resistance, leadership must communicate clearly and often, framing automation as an enhancement rather than a replacement. This fosters buy-in across all levels and sets a foundation for success.

2. Plan for Physical and Digital Transformation

Warehouses were historically designed for people, not machines. Retrofitting them to accommodate automation isn’t as simple as plugging in a robot.

Automation-ready environments often require:

• Wider aisles for robotic navigation
• Charging stations and power infrastructure
• High-speed wireless connectivity
• Advanced software platforms that integrate AI, robotics, and warehouse management systems (WMS)

For existing facilities, this may involve significant adjustments—sometimes even full-scale reconfiguration. Companies must assess whether to retrofit or build new, considering factors like floor load capacities, ceiling heights, and network readiness.

It’s essential to recognize that automation isn’t just a hardware upgrade—it’s a transformation that affects the physical layout, the software ecosystem, and the operational mindset of the organization.

3. Empower the Workforce: Human-in-the-Loop Design

One of the most impactful shifts in modern automation is the adoption of human-in-the-loop systems. These models acknowledge that while robots excel at repetitive tasks, they still rely on human judgment for exceptions and nuanced decision-making.

Rather than eliminating jobs, automation redefines them:

• Robots handle mundane, repetitive actions.
• Humans oversee exceptions, intervene when needed, and provide contextual intelligence.

For example, if a robot encounters a damaged or crumpled label, a human can intervene, resolve the issue, and the AI can learn from the interaction—creating a closed feedback loop that improves performance over time.

This dynamic partnership ensures that automation remains adaptable and continuously improves, while also reinforcing the value of human roles in an increasingly digital environment.

4. Develop Tailored Training and Upskilling Programs

The integration of robots into warehouses necessitates a comprehensive, role-specific training strategy. Success depends on how well employees adapt to the new tools and processes—and that starts with education.

A robust training process includes:

1. Identifying a core team—those who will work directly with the automation.
2. Collaborating with automation vendors to create personalized training modules.
3. Incorporating real-time feedback from the workforce to fine-tune training.
4. Ongoing learning opportunities, including cross-training and upskilling.

Upskilling existing employees ensures that the organization doesn’t just bring in automation experts from outside, but elevates internal talent who already understand the business. It also sends a strong message of investment in people, which can drive retention and morale.

Additionally, training should address both technical competencies (e.g., robotics maintenance, AI systems handling) and soft skills (e.g., adaptability, communication, collaboration). As roles evolve, so must the people filling them.

5. Prepare for Disruptions: Build a Resilient Support System

No matter how well-designed a system is, things will go wrong. Robots can malfunction, AI algorithms can misfire, and software platforms can crash. What separates successful automation projects from failures is the preparedness to handle exceptions.

A well-crafted support system includes:

• Defined troubleshooting protocols and escalation paths.
• Routine drills and scenario planning, akin to fire drills.
• Clearly assigned responsibilities in case of failures or breakdowns.
• Remote diagnostic capabilities to reduce downtime.

Having these in place ensures that when things do go sideways—and they will—the team isn’t scrambling but responding with confidence and clarity.

This level of foresight isn’t just about minimizing disruption. It builds organizational resilience, helping teams learn from failure, refine systems, and continuously improve.

6. Commit to Continuous Learning and Evolution

Warehouse automation is not a one-and-done initiative—it’s a journey. The industry evolves fast. New sensors, better AI models, faster robots, and smarter software emerge constantly. Organizations must treat automation as a dynamic capability that is always being optimized.

This mindset requires:

• Regular system evaluations to identify performance gaps.
• Employee feedback loops to uncover usability challenges or improvement opportunities.
• Software updates and hardware upgrades to keep pace with innovation.
• Learning and development programs that evolve alongside the tech.

Continuous learning also ensures that teams remain engaged, future-ready, and motivated to adapt. It encourages curiosity and experimentation—qualities that will be increasingly valuable as automation matures.

Human-Centric Automation: The Real Competitive Advantage

At its core, warehouse automation is not about robots replacing humans—it’s about robots augmenting humans. When properly deployed, automation frees people from monotonous, physically taxing work, enabling them to focus on higher-order tasks like:

• Analyzing operational data
• Troubleshooting AI behaviors
• Designing better workflows
• Managing inventory strategies

This shift unlocks new job categories, such as:

• AI integration specialists
• Automation workflow analysts
• Digital warehouse coordinators

It also highlights the increasing value of human creativity, problem-solving, and collaboration in a tech-driven environment.

Addressing Equity and Accessibility in Automation Adoption

As companies implement automation, they must be vigilant against the risk of creating a two-tiered workforce: one thriving in high-tech roles, the other left behind in outdated positions. This transition must be equitable.

Leaders should focus on:

• Broadening access to upskilling programs, regardless of educational background or job title.
• Providing support for digital literacy, particularly for older or underserved workers.
• Designing training in multiple formats to suit different learning styles.
• Promoting internal mobility, so that warehouse associates can grow into automation roles.

Fairness and inclusion aren’t just ethical imperatives—they’re strategic advantages. A more inclusive workforce is a more resilient, innovative, and loyal one.

The Ripple Effect: Automation Beyond the Warehouse Walls

Warehouse automation doesn’t just benefit operations—it reshapes the entire supply chain. With more efficient and responsive systems, companies can achieve:

• Faster delivery times
• Reduced shipping errors
• Lower operational costs
• Improved customer satisfaction

Consumers feel the difference, whether they realize it or not. As automation becomes more pervasive, its impact will ripple across retail, manufacturing, logistics, and even sustainability goals (via optimized energy use and reduced waste).

Final Thoughts: Automation as a Catalyst for Progress

As we stand on the cusp of a new era in logistics, one thing is clear: the future of warehousing will be a hybrid of human ingenuity and robotic precision. Automation, when implemented thoughtfully, can create better jobs, stronger supply chains, and more resilient operations.

But to realize these benefits, companies must go beyond simply installing machines. They must commit to:

• Clear strategic planning
• Thoughtful design and integration
• Equitable training and upskilling
• Strong internal communication
• A culture of continuous learning

Automation isn’t just a tool—it’s a transformation. And in this transformation, the most important asset isn’t the robot on the floor—it’s the person guiding its purpose.

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In this article, we dive into the human side of the automation revolution, drawing insights from the recruitment trenches of proactive Global, one of the leading staffing firms specializing in automation and robotics. From shifting salary dynamics to the strategic importance of university partnerships, we unpack the industry’s current challenges and future pathways—highlighting what it takes to build and sustain the workforce behind the machines.

1. The Talent Engine Behind Automation: Who’s Hiring and Why

Warehouse automation isn’t just about shiny new robots—it’s about people. While AI, AMRs (Autonomous Mobile Robots), and goods-to-person systems get the spotlight, it’s the behind-the-scenes talent—from project managers to software engineers to customer success reps—that keep these systems humming.

Recruitment firm proactive Global, operating for over 16 years, has carved out a niche focusing solely on this specialized talent pool. Their clients span the automation ecosystem:

• OEMs and system integrators like Vanderlande and KNAPP.
• Robotics startups and established players such as Geek+ and GreyOrange.
• End-users like logistics companies implementing automation for the first time.
• Venture capital firms seeking promising automation ventures.

This broad perspective gives proactive Global unique visibility into industry-wide hiring trends—and what they see is both exciting and sobering.

2. The State of the Labor Market: From Overheating to Correction

Just a couple of years ago, the automation sector was sizzling hot. Salaries were inflated, talent was hopping between firms, and employers—flush with contracts from Amazon and other retail giants—were paying premiums to poach experienced candidates.

That era came to a halt around 2023. Amazon scaled back its investments. Greenfield projects slowed under the weight of high interest rates. Hiring cooled. Layoffs, even among big players, became common.

Now in 2024, the industry is recalibrating. Salaries, while still strong, are adjusting to more sustainable levels. A role that fetched $200,000 a year in 2022 might now be offered at $170,000. There’s a mismatch between candidate expectations and what employers are willing to pay—leaving some highly skilled professionals on the sidelines.

However, there’s optimism that this “bottoming out” phase may soon give way to growth, especially in 2025. Many projects deferred in 2023 are expected to come online, potentially creating a fresh wave of hiring and investment.

3. Retooling for Brownfield: Why Retrofit Projects Are Reshaping Hiring

As the frenzy for Greenfield mega-warehouses tapers, Brownfield automation—retrofitting and upgrading existing facilities—is taking center stage. This shift requires a different type of talent.

In the Greenfield phase, hiring focused on high-level project managers and engineers capable of building massive operations from scratch. Now, companies need people who can integrate automation into legacy systems, often in facilities that must remain operational during upgrades.

This transition is fueling demand for:

• Controls engineers with expertise in PLCs and software retrofits.
• Operations-savvy project managers who understand both human workflows and robotic integration.
• Customer success professionals skilled in helping clients navigate the complexity of automation rollouts.

4. Talent is Circulating, But That’s Not Enough

One of the biggest challenges is the circulation trap—automation companies tend to hire talent from within the existing ecosystem. Engineers jump from one integrator to another. Salespeople are prized for their contact books. It’s efficient, but it’s not sustainable.

To truly scale, the industry must grow the pie, not just shuffle it. That means pulling talent from adjacent industries and nurturing newcomers with training and exposure.

The companies best positioned for long-term success are those investing in talent development programs, such as:

• Rotational programs for recent grads, like the one offered by Fortna.
• Internships and university partnerships, particularly with supply chain schools like Georgia Tech.
• Reskilling programs that help warehouse managers and engineers from other industries transition into automation.

5. End-User to Integrator: A Career Path That Needs Nurturing

One underutilized source of talent? The people already working in warehouses. Managers, engineers, and operations professionals at 3PLs and retailers often develop hands-on experience with automation systems—but face barriers when trying to cross over to the vendor side.

This transition isn’t always linear. A warehouse operations director might be a perfect fit for a customer success leadership role. A solution design engineer could move into sales engineering. Yet, few companies have structured pathways to support this shift.

The solution lies in bridging the language gap between skill sets and job roles, something that specialized recruiters—and increasingly, forward-looking HR departments—are starting to address.

6. Global Expansion: Eyes on Europe and APAC

As U.S.-based automation startups mature, many are turning their eyes abroad. Europe, in particular, is seen as fertile ground for growth, thanks to its openness to pilot new technologies and often more agile procurement processes.

In contrast, the Asia-Pacific market presents a more challenging terrain, often dominated by low-cost, hardware-driven competition. Still, established players like Locus Robotics and SoftBank Robotics are pushing into the region, indicating there’s opportunity—especially for differentiated, value-driven solutions.

This globalization trend means recruiters and talent professionals must think internationally. Cross-border roles, multilingual candidates, and culturally attuned onboarding will only become more important.

7. AMRs: Cool Tech Is Not Enough Anymore

The days of selling automation based on novelty are over. AMRs (Autonomous Mobile Robots), once the poster children of innovation, are at risk of commoditization—especially when hardware differentiation becomes marginal.

What separates winners from the rest today is:

• Robust fleet management software
• Operational integration capabilities
• Demonstrable ROI

For recruiters, this changes the type of talent in demand. Software engineers, system architects, and customer support teams that understand the warehouse floor are now more critical than flashy roboticists.

8. The Candidate Experience Is Evolving, Again

During the hiring surge of 2021–2022, companies moved fast—sometimes making offers in days. By 2023, the pendulum swung the other way: multi-round interviews dragged out for months as budgets tightened and approvals slowed.

Now, in early 2024, the pendulum is swinging back toward a candidate-driven market. Talented professionals have options again, and companies that drag their feet risk losing out.

For employers, this means:

• Shorter, more efficient interview processes
• Clear communication on compensation and role expectations
• Reputation matters—candidates talk, and slow or unclear hiring practices can hurt a brand

9. Making Warehousing Sexy: The Gen Z Challenge

Despite all the investment and innovation, warehouse automation still struggles with a perception problem. Among younger professionals and students, warehousing remains the least appealing link in the supply chain.

That’s changing—slowly—thanks to the “cool factor” of robotics. But companies need to do more:

• Showcase technology-forward brand identities (GXO is a standout in this regard)
• Publicize internships, not just job postings
• Engage directly with universities, not just job boards
• Celebrate diversity and purpose, values important to Gen Z

Bringing automation to life with storytelling, social content, and in-person events can help attract the next generation of talent—and ensure that the field doesn’t just grow, but thrives.

Conclusion: The Road Ahead Is Human-Centered

Warehouse automation is advancing at a blistering pace, but its success still hinges on one thing: people.

From engineers and project managers to operators and software developers, the future of logistics will be built by teams who understand both machines and the human systems they serve. For employers, this means investing not just in tech—but in pipelines, partnerships, and programs that develop the talent to deploy and support it.

And for job seekers, it’s a call to action: whether you’re in operations, engineering, IT, or logistics, there’s a place for you in the automation ecosystem—if you’re willing to learn, adapt, and connect.

As 2025 approaches, one thing is clear: automation may be mechanical, but its momentum is powered by people.

The post How to recruit top talent for warehouse automation? appeared first on RoboticsBiz.

In Europe, a hotbed of innovation, companies are developing cutting-edge robotics solutions that are reshaping the logistics landscape. These solutions leverage artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), and advanced sensors to optimize warehouse operations, increase efficiency, and enhance worker safety.

Here’s a closer look at some of the leading European robotics innovators transforming order fulfillment in 2024:

1. Exotec

Based in Lille, France, Exotec has established itself as a pioneer in warehouse robotics since its founding in 2015. Their flagship product, the Skypod system, is a goods-to-person robotic solution that features robots capable of both vertical and horizontal movement, reaching heights of up to 12 meters. The system is highly modular and scalable, adapting to various warehouse layouts and sizes, making it a versatile solution for businesses of all sizes. Machine learning algorithms further optimize robot movements and picking strategies, ensuring maximum efficiency in order fulfillment.

2. Eiratech Robotics

Founded in 2015 and headquartered in Dublin, Ireland, Eiratech Robotics is revolutionizing warehouse operations with its Eirasystem, a sophisticated goods-to-person robotics platform. The system utilizes a fleet of autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) to transport goods directly to human operators at picking stations, streamlining the picking process and reducing human error. Eirasystem seamlessly integrates with existing warehouse management systems (WMS) and employs predictive analytics to anticipate demand patterns, ensuring optimal inventory placement and efficient order fulfillment.

3. Mobile Industrial Robots (MiR)

Established in 2013 in Odense, Denmark, MiR has become a global leader in autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) for material transport and logistics. MiR boasts a diverse range of AMRs with varying payload capacities, catering to the diverse needs of warehouses and manufacturing facilities. Their robots are equipped with cutting-edge sensors and safety features, ensuring seamless navigation and collaboration with human workers. MiR’s fleet management software further enhances the efficiency and coordination of their robots, optimizing workflows and maximizing productivity.

4. Swisslog (KUKA Group)

With a rich history dating back to 1900 and headquartered in Buchs, Switzerland, Swisslog (now part of the KUKA Group) is a renowned provider of comprehensive automation solutions for warehouses and distribution centers. Their portfolio encompasses automated storage and retrieval systems (AS/RS), conveyor systems, and sophisticated software for warehouse management. Swisslog’s CarryPick system is a prime example of their innovation, combining mobile robots with a modular racking system to facilitate efficient goods-to-person picking.

5. Scallog

Established in 2013 and based in Nanterre, France, Scallog specializes in goods-to-person robotics systems designed to streamline order fulfillment. Their Scallog System utilizes small, agile robots that transport shelves or racks of goods directly to picking stations. This approach minimizes the need for human workers to traverse the warehouse, reducing labor costs and increasing picking speed. The system is known for its flexibility, easily adapting to changing warehouse layouts, and employs AI-powered algorithms for route optimization and inventory management.

6. AutoStore

Founded in 1996 and headquartered in Nedre Vats, Norway, AutoStore has pioneered a unique Cube Storage Automation system. This high-density storage solution maximizes space utilization by employing robots to retrieve bins from a compact storage grid and deliver them to picking stations. This approach not only optimizes storage capacity but also significantly increases picking efficiency, making it an ideal solution for warehouses with limited space.

7. Geek+

While headquartered in Beijing, China, Geek+ has established a strong European presence with its headquarters in Düsseldorf, Germany. Founded in 2015, Geek+ has quickly become a leading provider of autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) for a wide range of warehouse tasks, including picking, sorting, and moving goods. Their RoboShuttle system is a standout solution, combining AMRs with a shuttle system for high-density storage and efficient goods-to-person picking.

Key Trends Shaping the Future of Warehouse Robotics:

• AI and Machine Learning (ML): These technologies empower robots with the ability to learn and adapt, making them more versatile and capable of handling complex tasks.
• Cobots (Collaborative Robots): Designed for safe interaction with humans, cobots are enhancing productivity and efficiency in warehouses by working alongside human workers.
• Cloud Robotics: Cloud-based platforms enable robots to share data and learn from each other, leading to faster adaptation and continuous improvement in performance.
• Sustainability: An increasing number of companies are prioritizing the development of energy-efficient robots and solutions that help reduce a warehouse’s carbon footprint, aligning with global sustainability goals.

The European warehouse robotics landscape is vibrant and dynamic, with these companies at the forefront of innovation. As technology continues to advance, we can anticipate even more sophisticated and impactful solutions that will revolutionize the way goods are stored, picked, and delivered, shaping the future of the logistics industry.

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Advancements in the warehousing industry have led to the development of specialized robots for various tasks. Warehouse robots manage inventory checks, assist with picking tasks, and more. Depending on the type of robot, they can:

• Sorting: Cobots can sort items based on size and dimensions, moving them from incoming shipments to specific bins or conveyors.
• Loading and Unloading: Robots with adaptive grippers can automatically load and unload items from shipment trucks.
• Transportation: AMRs and AGVs move inventory within the warehouse with minimal human intervention.
• Inventory Management: UAVs scan barcodes and QR codes to assess stock levels, using cameras to capture thermal information for monitoring temperature-sensitive goods.
• Picking: ASRS retrieve items from shelves and bring them to operators, reducing manual picking efforts.
• Packaging: Anthropomorphic robots pack items into boxes, adapting to different sizes and shapes for secure and efficient packing.

The most common types of warehouse robots include Autonomous Mobile Robots (AMRs), Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs), Automated Guided Carts (AGCs), Automated Storage and Retrieval Systems (ASRS), Goods-to-Person (GTP) Robots, Palletizing and Depalletizing Robots, Sorting Robots, Automated Labeling Robots, Packaging Robots, Case Erectors, Cleaning Robots, Security Robots and Anthropomorphic Robots.

Advantages of Warehouse Robotics

Increasing Productivity

Robots excel at handling tedious, repetitive tasks, freeing up employees to focus on critical thinking projects. Packaging automation systems, for instance, manage the repetitive task of product packaging and fulfillment with high precision, increasing overall productivity without compromising quality. This can significantly enhance supply chain productivity by accelerating routine processes and minimizing common human errors.

Amazon’s use of Kiva robots (now Amazon Robotics) has significantly boosted the efficiency of their fulfillment centers. These robots navigate warehouse floors, bringing shelves to human pickers, thereby reducing the time employees spend walking and increasing the number of orders processed.

Reducing Mistakes

Automated systems reduce the likelihood of errors typically associated with human labor. Robots can navigate warehouses efficiently, reducing time spent moving between different areas and allowing employees to focus more on quality control.

In pharmaceutical warehouses, robots like Fetch Robotics’ Freight robots can transport medicines and medical supplies with precision, ensuring the correct items are delivered and reducing the risk of human error.

Improving Safety

Robots can operate in hazardous environments and work around the clock without posing a risk to human health. Equipped with sensors to avoid obstacles, they reduce the chances of serious accidents such as slips, trips, and falls from high ladders. This makes the workplace safer for employees, who no longer need to engage in risky manual tasks.

Ocado, a UK-based online grocery retailer, uses robots to handle heavy lifting and repetitive tasks in their warehouses. This reduces the risk of injuries related to manual lifting and repetitive strain, ensuring a safer work environment for their employees.

Easier Scheduling

Unlike human workers, robots do not need breaks and can work continuously over long shifts, leading to more efficient scheduling and higher overall productivity.

Robots in the DHL supply chain work continuously during peak seasons, such as the holiday rush, ensuring that the increased volume of orders is handled without the need for additional human labor shifts.

Quick Implementation

Robotic systems can be implemented relatively quickly—typically within four to six weeks, depending on the operation’s specifics. This is a remarkably short time compared to other technologies, such as Goods-to-Person (G2P) systems, which can take up to a year to implement.

6 River Systems’ Chuck robots can be deployed in a matter of weeks, allowing warehouses to quickly scale their operations to meet growing demand.

Ability to Scale

Robots offer modular deployment, allowing businesses to start with a few units and add more as demand grows. This flexibility helps avoid high initial investments and allows companies to gradually scale up their operations while assessing the impact of robots on their business.

Shopify’s distribution network uses modular robot deployment, enabling them to start with a small number of robots and expand their fleet as their order volumes increase.

Disadvantages of Warehouse Robotics

Job Elimination for Workers

While robots boost efficiency, they also pose a threat to warehouse employment growth. As robots take over more tasks, there is a risk of job elimination for human workers.

In some automotive warehouses, the introduction of robots has led to a reduction in the need for human workers to perform tasks such as parts sorting and assembly line feeding, resulting in job losses.

Lack of Adaptability and Ingenuity

Unlike humans, robots cannot adapt to changes in the workplace or use critical thinking to solve problems. They follow pre-programmed instructions and lack the ingenuity that human workers bring to dynamic environments.

During unexpected events such as system outages or non-standard order requests, robots may struggle to adapt, whereas human workers can quickly come up with creative solutions to address these issues.

Substantial Monetary Investment

The initial and ongoing costs of deploying robots can be high, especially for smaller warehouses. While robots can reduce labor costs by eliminating the need for employee benefits, companies must still cover maintenance and programming expenses. Skilled robotics programmers are also in high demand, adding to the overall cost.

A small e-commerce warehouse might find it challenging to justify the investment in a fleet of robots from a company like GreyOrange, given the high upfront costs and ongoing maintenance expenses compared to their current labor costs.

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1. Mobile Robot Automation in Warehouses: A Framework for Decision Making and Integration (2023) by Alp Yildirim, Hendrik Reefke, and Emel Aktas

This timely publication focuses on the burgeoning role of mobile robot systems (MRS) in warehouse operations. Recognizing the growing demand for agility and flexibility in order fulfillment, the authors highlight the advantages of MRS compared to traditional, manual processes. They delve into the challenges decision-makers face when implementing MRS, noting the lack of comprehensive frameworks to guide system selection and deployment.

The book offers an integrated decision framework covering strategic, tactical, and operational levels to address this gap. This framework empowers warehouse managers to systematically evaluate and choose the most suitable MRS based on their needs. Additionally, the authors explore critical considerations like change management, operational control, path planning, and human-robot interaction, preparing readers for the complexities of real-world implementation.

This book is particularly valuable for academics, students, and digital warehousing and logistics practitioners. It provides a wealth of information and practical guidance, making it an essential resource for anyone navigating the dynamic world of mobile robot automation.

2. Robotics in Industry (2017) by Claudia Martin

While not exclusively focused on warehouse robotics, this book offers a captivating historical journey through the evolution of industrial robots. Through engaging text and visually rich illustrations, Martin presents a comprehensive overview of robots’ profound impact on various industries throughout history. This provides valuable context for understanding warehouse automation’s current state and future potential.

Beyond its historical scope, the book offers insights into the core engineering principles and technological advancements that have driven the development of industrial robots. This knowledge is fundamental for designing and building effective warehouse automation solutions. While primarily aimed at individuals interested in STEM fields, the book’s engaging style and accessible language make it a worthwhile read for anyone curious about the fascinating world of industrial robotics.

3. Automation in Warehouse Development (2011) by Roelof Hamberg and Jacques Verriet

As the title suggests, this book explores the future of warehousing, where automation plays a central role. It delves into the gradual shift from human-operated processes to automated systems, highlighting the benefits of increased efficiency and resilience against labor shortages. The authors also emphasize the growing importance of model-based design in creating customized warehouse solutions tailored to individual needs.

Drawing on the collaborative “Falcon” project, the book presents cutting-edge research and practical applications in model-based control design, analytical modeling, robotic item handling, and autonomous transport systems. This detailed exploration makes it a valuable resource for academic researchers and industry professionals seeking to stay at the forefront of warehouse automation and design.

By providing diverse perspectives and insights, these three books offer invaluable guidance for startups venturing into warehouse robotics. Whether you seek a practical framework for implementing mobile robot systems, historical context for the robotics revolution, or cutting-edge research on model-based design, these resources can equip you with the knowledge and inspiration to navigate this dynamic and transformative field.

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This evolution is not just about enhancing efficiency — it’s about revolutionizing how warehouses maintain safety, manage inventory, and protect against physical damage and cyber threats. Robotics offer unparalleled precision, constant vigilance, and the ability to quickly analyze vast amounts of data, setting a new standard in security protocols.

For businesses looking to stay ahead of security challenges, the integration of robotics is a necessity. This shift promises to redefine warehouse security, making it more robust, responsive, and reliable than before.

1. Patrolling Robots

Autonomous robots patrol 24/7 with advanced sensors and cameras, directly addressing the significant issue of organized retail crime, which costs retailers over $700,000 per $1 billion in sales. These robots navigate using AI to monitor for irregularities, instantly alerting security personnel to threats while their cameras record high-resolution footage for evidence.

Their presence deters potential criminals and shifts warehouse security from reactive to proactive, offering a more innovative, data-driven approach to mitigate significant financial losses due to theft and enhance overall security.

2. Drone Surveillance

Drones offer comprehensive aerial monitoring capabilities and easy access to hard-to-reach areas. With high-resolution cameras and advanced sensors, drones provide a birds-eye view of the warehouse environment, making it possible to quickly survey large areas and detect potential security breaches or safety hazards that authorities might miss at ground level.

This aerial perspective is beneficial for monitoring the exterior perimeters of warehouses and inspecting rooftops or other less accessible locations for security vulnerabilities. Additionally, security teams can deploy these in response to alarms or detected movements, providing real-time footage and enabling quicker decision-making.

Their versatility and mobility make drones enhance warehouse security, efficiently and effectively safeguarding assets and ensuring a secure working environment.

3. Access Control Robots

These robots enhance security at warehouse entry points by ensuring that only authorized personnel gain access to critical zones. With advanced identification technologies — like biometric scanners, RFID readers, and facial recognition systems — these robots can accurately verify identities and manage access permissions in real-time.

They can allow or deny entry based on predefined security protocols, preventing unauthorized access and potential security breaches. This automation streamlines the entry process, making it more efficient and significantly reducing human error risk. It ensures sensitive warehouse areas are secured around the clock by vigilant, precise, and reliable robotic guards.

4. Automated Alarm Systems

These systems offer quicker and more efficient responses to breaches. In 2021, approximately 1,778 warehouse crimes occurred, resulting in over $223 million in losses. This number underscores the critical need for such technology.

These robots immediately react to alarm triggers from unauthorized entries, detected motions, or other security breaches. Upon activation, they can autonomously navigate to the source of the alarm, providing live video feeds and assessments to security personnel.

This rapid response capability allows quicker assessment of potential threats and significantly reduces the time it takes to address and mitigate security incidents. By serving as the first responders to alarms, robots enhance a warehouse’s ability to prevent theft, damage, and losses, directly addressing the alarming statistics of warehouse crimes and their financial impacts.

5. Fire Detection and Suppression Robots

Robots with advanced sensors detect and respond to fire hazards with unprecedented speed and efficiency. These robots continuously monitor the environment for signs of smoke, heat, and flames, enabling them to identify potential fire outbreaks before they escalate.

Upon detecting a fire hazard, these robots can autonomously alert human responders and activate integrated fire suppression systems — like sprinklers or fire extinguishers — to contain the threat.

Their ability to navigate quickly through the warehouse allows them to rapidly reach the fire hazard’s source, providing critical information and visuals to emergency personnel. This proactive approach to fire safety minimizes the risk of damage and loss and significantly enhances the overall safety of warehouse operations, protecting assets and personnel.

6. Inventory Management Robots

These tools indirectly secure assets through constant monitoring and anomaly detection. By automating the inventory tracking process, robots offer a meticulous and continuous review of stock levels, movements, and locations.

This capability is crucial, especially considering missed sales from out-of-stock items cost U.S. retailers $82 billion in 2021. Robots with scanning technology can swiftly identify discrepancies and potential issues in inventory — like misplaced or missing items — helping prevent stock shrinkage and ensuring inventory records are accurate and up-to-date.

This constant vigilance maintains optimal stock levels and significantly reduces the chances of theft and loss. This approach indirectly secures valuable assets by quickly detecting and addressing any anomalies.

Through these advanced technological means, robots are effectively bolstering the security and efficiency of warehouse operations. They directly impact the bottom line by minimizing missed sales and opportunities due to stock issues.

7. Network Monitoring Robots

Robots with cybersecurity capabilities preemptively identify and mitigate cyber threats through advanced network traffic monitoring. These robots — with AI and machine learning algorithms — continuously analyze network traffic patterns to detect anomalies that could indicate a cyberattack, such as malware, phishing attempts, or unauthorized data breaches.

By processing vast amounts of data in real-time, they can quickly identify potential threats and initiate countermeasures to neutralize them before they escalate. This proactive approach to cybersecurity protects sensitive data and warehouse operations from digital intrusions and maintains network integrity.

Moreover, it prevents costly downtimes and safeguards against the increasingly sophisticated landscape of cyber threats. Robots are becoming essential to cybersecurity in the digital era of warehouse management through their vigilant monitoring and rapid response capabilities.

8. Data Protection Robots

These robots enhance warehouse data security by automating the encryption and protection of sensitive information. They leverage advanced cryptographic techniques to encode data, ensuring only authorized individuals with the decryption key can access the information.

This process significantly reduces the risk of data breaches, as even if unauthorized access to data were to occur, the information would remain unintelligible and secure. Moreover, robots can continuously monitor data access patterns and flag any unusual activity, providing an additional layer of security against potential cyber threats.

Robots streamline data protection processes and minimize human error by automating these critical tasks, ensuring sensitive warehouse data remains secure against increasingly sophisticated cyberattacks. Their role in encrypting and safeguarding data maintains the confidentiality and integrity of warehouse operations.

9. AI-Driven Threat Detection

AI robots utilize advanced pattern recognition techniques to forecast and neutralize potential cyber threats, significantly enhancing cybersecurity measures in various sectors. By analyzing vast datasets, these robots can detect deviations from normal behaviors, identifying potential security risks before they escalate into actual breaches.

This preemptive approach allows organizations to respond to threats more efficiently, promoting substantial cost savings by avoiding the financial and reputational damages associated with data breaches.

Further, by automating the detection and response processes, AI robots reduce the likelihood of human error, which is often a contributing factor in security vulnerabilities. Their precision and advanced analytical capabilities create a more secure and reliable digital environment, safeguarding sensitive information against the ever-evolving landscape of cyber threats.

10. Phishing Detection Robots

Specialized robots identify and neutralize phishing attempts that target warehouse systems. They address the surge in cybercrime — notably phishing — which stood as the most commonly reported cybercrime in the U.S., with over 300,000 cases in 2022.

These robots employ sophisticated algorithms to scrutinize incoming communications — like emails and messages — for phishing indicators, such as suspicious links, unexpected attachments, and fraudulent attempts. By automatically detecting these threats, the robots can prevent them from reaching their intended targets, significantly reducing the risk of successful phishing attacks.

Further, these robots continuously learn from new phishing tactics, enhancing their detection capabilities and ensuring warehouse systems remain safeguarded against cybercriminals’ evolving tactics. This proactive defense mechanism protects sensitive data and helps maintain operational integrity, making it an invaluable asset in the fight against cyber threats in the digital age.

The Future of Warehouse Security with Robotics

Adopting robotic security measures bolsters physical protection and cybersecurity in warehouses, offering a robust defense against various threats. By integrating advanced robotics and AI into security protocols, organizations can enhance operational efficiency and safety and stay ahead of sophisticated criminal tactics.

The post How robots are improving warehouse security appeared first on RoboticsBiz.

In the next 5-10 years, robots will likely play an important role throughout the retail value chain, including front-end and back-end operations. Robots-as-a-Service (RaaS), a unique model combining cloud computing, AI, robotics, and shared services, is becoming increasingly popular; like other shared services, it is convenient, cost-effective, and easy to implement.

Although the automotive industry favors robotics-as-a-service model, other industries, such as retail, are adopting it more frequently. RaaS presents a wide range of opportunities for big box and mid-market retailers. Big box retailers prefer robots for customer interaction to predict product demand and availability using analytics, while medium-sized retailers use them for basic stock monitoring and assessments. For better packaging and shipping operations, Amazon and other big box retailers like Walgreens, Staples, and Gap Inc. use robots in their distribution centers.

Warehousing and order fulfillment are also preparing for the “Robotics-as-a-Service model,” which they claim will improve operational effectiveness, raise the return on investment, and ultimately safeguard their initial investment. Here are a few possible use cases in customer assistance, employee assistance, and compliance audits.

Customer Assistance

• Robotic carts: Customers can be helped by a robotic shopping cart by directing them to the appropriate aisle. Additionally, it can automatically check out as customers add products to their carts or cancel the transaction when products are removed.
• Personalized engagement: Robots can act as shopping assistants in a fashion store by interpreting non-verbal cues from customers’ body language, gestures, and facial expressions to determine their personal preferences.
• Value-added service: For “in-demand services,” large retailers typically have separate counters. A variety of value-added services, including currency exchange, gift-wrapping, price comparisons, and the distribution of loyalty coupons, can be offered by robots.

Employee assistance

• Faster fulfillment: Robots can be used in stores to quickly fulfill online orders, especially during busy times and the holiday season.

Compliance audits and routine checks

• Minimizing out-of-shelf scenarios: At least 25% of the items out of stock are present, just not on the appropriate shelf. Robots can be used to move continuously throughout the store, take pictures of the aisles and products, send alerts to a central system for lost items, empty shelves, and low stock situations, and automatically restock shelves.
• Ensuring planogram compliance: Robots can be used to automate planogram compliance and out-of-shelf (OOS) inspections, saving consumer packaged goods (CPG) companies tens of thousands of dollars. Robots can take pictures of the aisles and the products to learn more about how well they perform and to create planograms that are unique to each store.
• Mitigating shrinkage and theft: Based on the movement and eye blinking patterns of shoplifters and store employees, surveillance robots placed in stores can assist in identifying suspicious activity. To lessen theft, they can also take pictures of trespassers and notify the store manager.

The emergence of the Robotics-As-A-Service Business Model

A new business model where robots are issued as a service rather than a product can address the difficulty of deploying a fleet of robots, maintaining them, and integrating robotics with numerous databases throughout the retail value chain. The following are the benefits of the Robotics-As-A-Service (RaaS) business model, which is based on a RAC framework.

• Minimal upfront costs: The costs of employee adoption of an enterprise RAC platform are low because robots are programmed to carry out complex computations on a cloud server.
• Smarter networks: Robots are made to function as a component of an intelligent environment. This enables a smarter business network by allowing them to communicate with RFID antennas and surveillance cameras.
• Economies of scale: The RAC service provider can decrease the average cost of ownership by deploying a fleet of robots to support various business functions. Additional cost savings may be possible with the aid of technologies like resource sharing in the cloud.
• Easy upgrade of skills: Teaching a robot a new skill may be as straightforward as downloading a mobile app. As a result, learning new skills will take less time and effort, enabling robots to perform better more quickly.

The RaaS business model can give retailers chances to cut costs, increase organizational efficiency, improve customer experience, and boost profits in light of the growing emphasis on optimizing overheads.

The post Transforming retail with robotics-as-a-service (RaaS) appeared first on RoboticsBiz.

Despite this enormous gap, some women have made great contributions and had the chance to ascend on the career ladder to leadership positions. So, what changed and what more is there to be done?

Today, we have Victoria Thomas, an ex-Disney Imagineer turned warehouse robotics expert currently working as a Senior Mechanical Engineer at inVia Robotics, and she would share her views and experience on what led her into an unpredictable industry – warehouse automation, after working as a Disney Imagineer. Is she about to bottle the Disney magic and take the lessons learned into the world of warehouse automation? Let’s find out!

1. Our readers might not be familiar with what a “Disney Imagineer” means. Could you elaborate on your previous role as Disney Imagineer?

More generally, Disney Imagineers are responsible for designing and building everything at the Disney theme parks, resorts, attractions, and cruise ships. My specific role as a Show Mechanical Engineer gave me the opportunity to not only present my innovative ideas but also utilize design and engineering to make them a reality. Projects I worked on included “Galaxy’s Edge” animated figures, the automated Elsa and Anna in the “Frozen Ever After” ride, the Hatbox Ghost from the “Haunted Mansion,” and the Shaman in the “Avatar Na’vi River Journey” attraction – this attraction is specifically well-known for its lifelike robots.

2. What led to the new role as the Senior Mechanical Engineer at inVia Robotics?

To give a bit more background, my dad is a machinist, and I grew up with a front-row seat of him constantly working on new projects and building new things. He would share the challenges he faced and how he would work through them, which helped me adopt a problem-solving mindset. In high school, I joined my school’s Vex robotics team and would build an 18”x18”x18” robot every year, which allowed me to strengthen my robotics skill set. I was then invited to participate in the first-ever robotics team collaboration, including five high schools. Becoming team captain cemented my love of working on collaborative engineering teams.

Alongside this, my dad strongly encouraged me to learn 3D modeling (specifically solidworks). He would bring his work computer home on the weekends for me to do tutorials with. This eventually led me to Disney Imagineering, where I worked for over five and a half years. An opportunity eventually presented itself to work on the industrial side of robotics at inVia Robotics,  where I’m a Senior Mechanical Engineer.

3. Tell us about the lessons you learned in the previous role and how do you intend to implement them into the world of warehouse automation?

Overall, I’d say that I learned nothing is impossible, but some things are extra difficult given certain budgets and schedule requirements. With that, it’s important to learn how to rely on your team. The best robots are built by highly collaborative teams, and it takes a village to build robotics systems and an even larger village to maintain those systems. The real heroes are the people who do your maintenance, assembly, troubleshooting in the field, and day-to-day handling operations.

4. The number of women reshaping the warehouse automation market is proportionally low, but some women have made significant contributions, leaving an indelible mark across the industry. Highlighting their success stories is important as younger generations need strong role models. Can you share your success and tips for females in the industry?

One of the most important pieces of advice I have for women in the industry is learning how to clearly communicate your ideas. I would advise learning how to draw, as sketches are instrumental in proving that your ideas will work and become incredibly useful when giving your elevator pitch to your colleagues or boss. Keeping your communication clear and concise will ensure your message is not lost. Additionally, being as organized as possible and keeping your portfolio up to date will ensure you are always ready to uplevel your career and show others the work you are doing in real-time.

Next, network network network! Find people (regardless of gender) who make you feel heard and supported.

And lastly, career shadows. Let younger folks see what your day-to-day job is like! I feel like I’m way too young to mentor anybody, but I could provide guidance to someone ten years younger. Women in the industry should actively seek out younger women and mentor them when they can.

5. In your opinion, what are the most important things the organization can do to increase the presence and visibility of senior women leaders in warehouse automation?

I feel there are several important things that an organization can do:

• Don’t deprive women of the opportunities to gain the experiences necessary to become Senior Leadership. Women who don’t get the chances to learn won’t learn. If opportunities for women to gain leadership experience are few and far between, anyone in that position will become paralyzed by perfectionism/fear, reducing their chances of success. Other women in the department will see their peers become paralyzed with fear and fail or be too scared to reach out for support and fail, increasing their fear of leadership opportunities at their company.
• From there, supporting women who have been given these leadership opportunities is critical to success. Things like working remotely, flexible work schedules, and meetings scheduled the day before have proven to help working parents get ahead. Currently, most child-rearing tends to fall to female parents in our society, so allowing some common-sense adjustments to work-life balance tends to help women get their work done quickly and efficiently while allowing for an optimized work-life balance.
• I’m not 100% sure how to quantify this, but two women working together in senior positions tend to work better than in senior management composed of all men and one woman. If there is only one woman in senior management, she tends to try to be “One of the guys” so that no one “thinks less of her.” She tends to make her perspective as close as possible to her male peers. If there are 2 (or more) women in senior management, they feel freer to be themselves. Neither one is “the girl manager” anymore. They are free to bring their perspective to the table!
• Recognizing and addressing impostor syndrome is incredibly important. Helping someone to recognize when they are doing a great job and reminding them of their past successes, regardless of their self-doubt, helps a lot. Make sure to remind your colleagues that you’re glad they are part of your team or an “attaboy.”

6. Tell us about inVia Robotics. How does it help warehouses implement automation to keep up with the e-commerce boom?

inVia Robotics offers warehouse automation systems that optimize e-commerce fulfillment. This is an area of retail that’s especially labor-intensive when labor is hard to find. Our AI-powered warehouse execution system (WES) software and our autonomous mobile robots automate rote, repetitive tasks.

We’re unique in that we offer a robotics-as-a-service (RaaS) approach to customers, which essentially means customers subscribe to inVia’s offers, preventing them from making large capital expenditures. inVia designs and implements a system for each, oversees their operation 24/7 and handles all maintenance. The subscription model eliminates CapEx, and customers can see annual savings of more than $1 million.

inVia offers both AI-powered software and robots. The AI software alone can direct workers to perform fulfillment tasks more efficiently. When paired with the robots, they travel autonomously through the warehouse to perform the tasks people used to do. The robots pick totes containing that day’s orders off shelves and bring them to a central PickerWall. People pull the ordered items from the wall, eliminating time-consuming warehouse walking. The PickerWall allows robots to work continuously throughout the day and allows people on the other end to work in bursts to pick ordered items and get them ready for shipping. By handling specific rote tasks on an ongoing basis, employees are spared monotonous labor and can keep up with increased demands caused by the e-commerce boom.

The post Women in warehouse automation: Interview with Victoria Thomas of inVia Robotics appeared first on RoboticsBiz.

As a result, many warehouses look to novel robot technology to streamline operations. In practice, new autonomous warehouse robotics can help these facilities do more with the labor and resources.

This is how warehouses adopt new robots and how autonomous warehouse robots could transform the industry over the next few years.

Robots May Help Warehouses Cope With a Challenging Market

In January 2022, the total number of warehousing jobs rose by 13,400 positions to 1,728,200 jobs – a record industry employment level.

At the same time, however, retail demand – which experts sometimes use as a proxy for overall consumer demand – continues to rise consistently. Demand is also on track to continue rising in the future.

The warehousing industry, as a result, is contending with a large and growing labor gap. In July 2021, well before the holiday season, the warehousing industry saw a record 490,000 job openings. This suggests, despite employment growth, that the industry is struggling to hire enough workers to meet current levels of demand.

These market conditions aren’t likely to change significantly any time soon. Warehouses could face months or years of an ongoing labor shortage and growing demand.

While rising demand is good for warehouses, many warehouse managers have found that they don’t have the labor needed to keep goods moving.

Labor Gap Pushing Warehouses to Adopt Automation for the First Time

Automation may seem like a straightforward answer to this crisis, but the warehousing industry has traditionally been slow to adopt automated solutions. Despite growing industry interest in automation, around 80% of warehouses have no automation at all, according to a report from Research and Markets.

Many of these warehouses haven’t even adopted important business automation tools like warehousing management systems, let alone more advanced automation technology, despite the growing list of benefits. This trend is starting to change, however.

Led by a handful of warehouse operators adopting cutting-edge technology, more warehouses are beginning to use technology like automated mobile robots to handle essential warehousing tasks that have traditionally been challenging to automate.

Key adopters include companies like Amazon, which invested heavily in the technology and warehousing sectors, and several leading businesses in the freight, transportation, and warehousing sectors.

The productivity gains from technology can be substantial, depending on the software and hardware robots a warehouse uses.

These Robots Are Gaining a Foothold in the Warehousing Industry

Often, warehouse robots are some type of autonomous mobile robot (AMR) or autonomous guided vehicle (AGV) capable of navigating the warehouse on their own and performing basic-but-essential warehousing tasks.

Some businesses and experts use these terms interchangeably, while others use the term “AMR” to refer to more advanced and autonomous robots than AGVs.

Both AMRs and AGVs may employ various technologies to achieve autonomous navigation, including radio waves, magnets, lasers, and video cameras. To support navigation, some less-advanced AMRs and AGVs may also need warehouse navigation infrastructures – like visual markings, magnets, or reflective strips on the warehouse floor.

This infrastructure helps ensure smooth movement of the robot around the facility and limits where the robot can travel. If a warehouse’s needs change suddenly or need to expand its use of robots, the warehouse will need to install new infrastructure and potentially uninstall existing infrastructure. This process can be expensive and time-consuming, and it requires the hiring of construction contractors and robot specialists.

More advanced AMRs may leverage AI-powered machine vision and video cameras to dynamically interpret their environment. With the technology, the robot can move while identifying navigable floor-space, obstacles, and workers. These algorithms allow for AMRs that do not rely on navigation infrastructure.

Additional data, like GPS location information and pre-programmed navigation routes, may support the AMR’s navigation.

Use Cases of AMRs and AGVs

The task an AMR or AGV is used for may vary significantly depending on the needs of a particular warehouse or logistics company.

In most cases, AMRs and AGVs are used primarily to move goods around the warehouse, freeing up human workers for jobs that require creativity or problem-solving skills.

Some autonomous robots with technology like machine vision may also perform basic picking and packing tasks – automatically identifying stored inventory, pulling it, and delivering it to a packing area.

Without automation, when a warehouse receives a new order, workers must pick inventory from storage and deliver it to a processing area, where the item can be packed for shipping. These tasks require workers to navigate the warehouse floor, identify the correct item, carry it to the packing area, and prepare it for shipment.

Rather than automating entire workflows, these robots automate single tasks, providing the fulfillment center with a combination of flexibility and automation.

Typically, the robot won’t fully replace a human worker but instead support existing workflows, helping to streamline warehouse operations without disrupting current practices. In many cases, these robots will also support additional trending warehouse automation solutions – like IoT data collection, predictive analytics tools, and warehouse management platforms.

How Do Warehouses Benefit From These New Robots?

Third-party logistics provider Kenco is an adopter of self-driving warehouse robots from Locus Robotics. The company primarily uses these robots to help workers fill online orders at the company’s largest e-commerce site.

Kenco also has plans to adopt tractor-like AMRs capable of towing carts loaded with pallets, allowing the company to partially or fully automate the movement of larger loads throughout their warehousing and logistics facilities.

Transportation and warehousing company XPO logistics claims its robots have allowed the business to improve productivity by as much as six times in certain cases. The company also has plans to double the number of robots in its warehouses.

In addition to helping automate the warehousing industry, AMRs and similar robots are also typically built in retail, health care, and heavy industry.

In these sectors, the robots perform similar work like robots in the warehousing industry – for example, moving key inventory without the need for human oversight or extensive navigation infrastructure.

Future Applications of Robots in Warehousing

Many warehouses are also experimenting with robots beyond AMRs and AGVs. For example, autonomous warehouse drones may soon support operations much like other autonomous warehouse robots.

These robots may be able to pilot themselves safely around a warehouse, identify inventory items, acquire them, and deliver these items to their destination. They could be applied to various warehouse tasks, including the picking, packing, loading, and unloading work that AMRs currently help with.

However, unlike AMRs and AGVs, they’ll have much greater freedom of movement, potentially allowing them to work both faster and more safely.

However, autonomous drones probably won’t be used for picking and packing or similar tasks in the near future. Payload restrictions and limitations of existing grip technology mean significant innovations will be necessary before drones can be used to move goods around warehouses.

Instead, they’ll likely gather warehouse data from the air – monitoring performance, traffic flows, and the movement of goods. This information could help warehouse managers streamline operations and identify facility bottlenecks.

Both autonomous and non-autonomous drones are already being used for similar data-collecting purposes in other industries, like agriculture and construction.

How Robots and Industry 4.0 Automation May Transform Warehousing

The challenges faced by the warehouse industry are likely to linger well into the future. Experts predict the labor shortage could last well into the decade, meaning warehouse managers need to find new strategies for doing more with their resources.

Despite low automation adoption rates by warehouses, robots may soon help the industry improve productivity and streamline operations.

AMRs and AGVs may become standard warehouse automation tools in the near future. Warehouse drones may also become more common over the next few years.

The post Why are more warehouses embracing more robots? appeared first on RoboticsBiz.

To support warehouses through these difficult times, a leading robotics company inVia Robotics provides the next generation of warehouse automation solutions that blend the skills of people with autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) plus AI-driven software to support order fulfillment and returns and inventory management at varying scales.

To know more about how AMRs can enable warehouses to circumvent some of this season’s biggest challenges, such as workforce, productivity, and safer working conditions, we recently had an elaborate discussion with inVia’s co-founder and chief executive officer, Lior Elazary.

Lior has worked in the internet networking, robotics, software development, and enterprise architecture industries for over 20 years. He has led and directed a variety of teams that have worked on everything from back-office systems to enterprise-wide technologies.

Lior completed a master’s degree in computer science at the University of Southern California (USC), focusing on artificial intelligence (AI). He met his inVia co-founders while pursuing a Ph.D. in robotics at USC. Their collaboration sparked a passion for the transformative power of robots in increasing efficiency and productivity and, most importantly, in assisting people in living happier and more fulfilling lives.

You can read the complete interview below:

1. According to a report by DHL, 80% of warehouses are “still manually operated with no supporting automation.” Mechanized warehouses account for 15% of total warehouses, while only 5% of current warehouses are automated. Why does the warehouse automation penetration remain quite low in many cases? What is the COVID-19’s impact on the adoption of warehouse automation?

Automation hasn’t been widely adopted because it wasn’t affordable for most businesses – neither from a money nor a time perspective. Traditional automation systems cost millions of dollars and generally take 12-18 months to construct and implement. These traditional systems were fixed, literally bolted into the floors. So, they really were a construction project that was expensive, time-consuming, and by definition inflexible. On top of that, they took a very long time to deliver any return on investment, and in some cases, they never did. Only the 1%ers of the corporate world could afford them.

In the last several years’ technological advances have made computer processing power more readily available and affordable, and that has led to a new breed of automation that is accessible to any sized business. Two hallmarks of this newly accessible technology are its mobility and being able to pay for it as a service vs. purchasing the equipment as a capital expense. Robotics-as-a-service offerings are common now, and they offer businesses the ability to pay for the productivity of robots through a monthly subscription. They don’t have to purchase or maintain the equipment, and they immediately see a positive ROI.

COVID-19 exacerbated two problems that were already pressuring businesses to find more efficiencies in their fulfillment processes – unprecedented growth in e-commerce demand and a lack of labor to perform warehouse jobs. When stores closed, and warehouses could only have a minimal number of people in them safely distanced, these challenges became even bigger. Warehouses are at a point now where they have to automate to keep up with crushing demand and unavailable labor.

2. One common challenge in warehouse automation is that there are no off-the-shelf solutions – each system is customized to the individual customer’s business needs. Is it a good thing, or do we need more one-size-fits-all solutions? What is your approach?

While no two warehouses are exactly the same, they all have in common that they are orchestrating the movement of goods to achieve their daily SLAs or the agreements they have in place for on-time delivery. In that same spirit, we have a set of workflows and modules from which we choose the right combination to help our customers meet their SLAs. Part of our job is to help businesses reimagine workflows to find greater efficiencies than they had before. We take a look at the movement of goods, people, and other equipment in the warehouse to design a system that ensures they all continue to flow with minimal delays or idle time. That overriding system design is the same for every customer, and the way that it is integrated within their existing facilities and systems is where the customization comes in.

Since we sell our solutions as a service, we’re part of our customers’ daily operations. That means we’re helping them solve for the unexpected every day. So, our problem-solving skills have to be customized in order to be agile. E-commerce is a very dynamic space and isn’t off-the-shelf by nature. However, our standard systems are built to be flexible and innovative to accommodate the unanticipated.

3. The implementation of warehouse robotics is a sensitive subject. The primary fear surrounding automation is the loss of employment. How do you integrate people, processes, and systems to the right degree?

Our customers couldn’t find enough people to fill e-commerce warehouse jobs pre-pandemic, and it’s even worse now. Most of them see 100% turnover rates in just a matter of months for the jobs they’re able to fill, and many jobs just go unfilled. Within e-commerce, these aren’t jobs that have ever existed before. It used to be that we walked through the aisles to find the products we wanted to buy and then took them to the checkout counter to pay. Now, we sit at home to check out, but someone still has to physically go find these items we buy on a shelf and get them to our homes. So this is a net new need for labor at a time when labor is already scarce.

Our warehouses do still have people in them. There are many jobs in warehouses that are ideally suited for people, the ones that involve problem-solving and decision-making. There are other jobs that are ideally suited for machines, the ones that require repetitive, rote tasks. These kinds of tasks are actually unhealthy for people, causing repetitive stress and overuse injuries.

4. How do we evaluate the automation readiness of a warehouse? What are the signs that indicate whether a warehouse is ready to automate?

For many warehouses, the question is not “if” they’ll automate; it’s “when.” The idea that people should be performing a job like robots is inaccurate. For warehouses to be able to maintain fulfillment rates while providing a sound working environment, we need to switch the tasks that humans perform. These rote tasks should be left to the robots while people perform the more fulfilling parts of the job.

Any warehouse can be ready to automate with the new breed of robotics. Mobile robotics systems make it easy to overlay automation onto existing facilities without having to make major changes. The biggest part of an automation integration with mobile robots is the software side. Our robots, for example, can be deployed and productive in a couple of days.

5. Tell us about your Robotics-as-a-Service model. How does it knock down the biggest barrier to entry for automation–massive infrastructure investment–by offering automation as a subscription-based service?

inVia’s unique approach to robotics-as-a-service (RaaS) brings optimization to warehouses of any size. We employ a blend of autonomous mobile robots (AMRs) with AI-driven software to increase the productivity of a warehouse. We automate all fulfillment processes like picking, replenishment, cycle counting, and returns. The customer only pays for the productivity of the system. They don’t buy the equipment. We retain ownership, maintenance, and all the costs that go along with it.

6. Tell us about the new technologies and trends that will set a new path forward for warehouse automation in the next five years?

Warehouse automation is in its early stages, so many of the advances we’ll see over the next five years will be a refinement of algorithms and AI to make the automation incrementally better. We’ll see continuous improvements in order cycle times. For example, we’ve increased the throughput of our robots by 10% just in the past year, and we expect to increase it by even more next year. We’re continually improving the speed and precision of every movement the robots make.

Another major development we’ll see is more streamlined integration across all warehouse technologies. Over the next few years, we’ll see a steady increase in the adoption of automation technologies, and there will be increased momentum to link them all together. In another ten years, we’ll likely start to see “dark warehouses” where these facilities are 100% automated, and people are monitoring them remotely. They will include a number of different types of automation that have to be able to work together seamlessly.

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